The WOCN Society 40th Annual Conference (June 21-25th, 2008)


2436

Nutritional Status and Wound Severity of Overweight and Obese Patients with Venous Leg Ulcers: A Pilot Study

Jeniffer Tobón, RN, MN, ARNP, CWCN1, JoAnne D. Whitney, RN, PhD, CWCN, FAAN2, and Monica E. Jarrett, RN, PhD2. (1) The Everett Clinic, Adult Nurse Practitioner, 3901 Hoyt Ave, Everett, WA 98201, (2) University of Washington School of Nursing, Professor, Box 357266, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

Obesity is a chronic disease that is linked with the presence of numerous chronic illnesses including venous disease. Venous disease can lead to chronic wounds, which may be exacerbated by vitamin, mineral and macro-nutritional deficiencies. A cross-sectional observational design was used to examine the nutritional status of patients with chronic venous leg ulcers (VLU) who are overweight or obese and to explore the relationship between nutritional status and severity of venous ulceration. Nutritional status was evaluated using anthropometric measurements, nutrient analysis from a 3-day dietary intake log, serum albumin, vitamins A and C, and zinc levels. Wound severity was assessed using the Leg Ulcer Measurement Tool (LUMT). Eight patients participated, 6 were men and all were over 50 years of age. Patients had an average daily caloric intake below their estimated caloric need. When compared with recommended daily intake (RDI) levels, dietary intake was suboptimal for protein, vitamin C and zinc. Serum levels were below normal for at least one of these nutrients in six patients. A positive correlation was found only between serum albumin, average daily intake and percent RDI of protein (rs = .93, p = .003). An inverse relationship was found among LUMT score and serum vitamin A levels (rs = -.83, p = .01), and a positive correlation was observed between LUMT score and serum vitamin C (rs = .74, p = .04). No clear relationships were shown between serum zinc, albumin, and LUMT scores. The relationships found between vitamins A and C and leg ulcer severity warrant further exploration. The nutritional differences in the study need to be examined in a larger sample of overweight and normal weight patients to determine if overweight patients are at greater risk for prolonged VLU due to poor nutrition than non-overweight patients.