Abstract: The Prevalence and Incidence of Pressure Ulcers in Home Care Setting in Japan (WOCN Society 41st Annual Conference (June 6- June 10, 2009))
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3425 The Prevalence and Incidence of Pressure Ulcers in Home Care Setting in Japan

Mayumi Okuwa , Kanazawa University, Associate Professor, Kanazawa, Japan
Junko Sugama, PhD, RN , Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Professor, Ishikawa, Japan
Koichi Shido , Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Professor, Ishikari-gun, Japan
Shizuko Omote , Kanazawa University, Associate Professor, Kanazawa, Japan
Yasuko Sumitani , Toyama College of Welfare, Professor, Imizu-si, Japan
Kunio Tsukada , Takaoka Ekinan Clinic, Director, Takaoka-si, Japan
Hiromi Sanada, PhD, RN, WOCN , Department of Wound Care Management, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Professor, Tokyo, Japan
Naomi Nanba , Kanazawa University, Graduate Student, Kanazawa, Japan
Purpose: In 2002 a new governmental regulation system related to management of pressure ulcers (PUs) was introduced in Japan. This system actually reduced PU prevalence rate among hospitalized patients (Sanada, 2008). However, the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of PU in home care setting residents were unknown. The purpose of this study was to ascertain pressure ulcer prevalence and incidence rate, and to identify the PU development risk factors of home care setting in Japan. Design and Setting: In 2007, a cross-sectional study was conducted in 537 home-visit nursing care stations were randomly selected from all home-visit nursing care stations in Japan. Questionnaires were mailed to each home-visit nursing care station. Methods: The prevalence and incidence of occurrence, wound characteristic, and risk factors of PU were collected. Results: From 537 home-visit nursing care stations, 207 home-visit nursing care stations (38.5%) responded. The PU prevalence was 7.2%, and the incidence was 4.5%. 445 residents had 746 PUs, 35% of the residents had only one PU. The most common locations were sacrum (35.0%) and heels (10.1%). 45.6% PUs were full-thickness wound. The risk factors were immobility [P<.000, OR 2.54 (95% CI: 1.88-3.54)], bony prominence [P<.000, OR 2.11 (95% CI: 1.58-2.81)] and malnutrition [P<.000, OR 2.78 (95% CI: 2.06-3.75)]. Conclusion: The prevalence and incidence of home care setting were higher than hospitalized setting (0.96 – 3.32%, 0.60 – 1.76% respectively; Sugama, 2008) in Japan. Half of pressure ulcers were full-thickness wound. In addition, the nutritional status was most influence of development PUs. Malnutrition enhances the risk of PUs. These results suggest that resident’s nutritional assessment and caregiver education for prevention of PUs is necessary in home care setting.
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