Prevalence among the patients with incontinence association dermatitis in adult intensive care unit

Purpose:

Incontinence association dermatitis (IAD) is a common problem in intensive care unit patients with fecal and urinary incontinent. IAD resulting from bacterial and fungus infection will increase the length of hospital stays and higher medical costs. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence among the patients with IAD and examine the skin condition by Nix (2002) perineal risk assessment tool (PAT).

Method:

A cross-sectional design was applied . Data was collected from 70 patient’s charts on June, 2012, for those who were hospitalized .The information included the demographic characteristics ( age, sex and body mass index), clinic data ( body temperature, the condition of incontinent and diarrhea, antibiotics treatment and the PAT score. The Wilcoxon-Mann U test was used for data analysis.

Results:
A total of 70 inpatients were recruited to the study. The majority patients were male (61.4%) and the mean age of the patients were 69.4±16.3. There were 45 patients (65.2%) with antibiotics treatment. Of the 22 patients (31.4%) had either incontinent or diarrhea and 8 patients (4.96%) had IAD. The result revealed that the prevalence rate of IAD was36.3% (8/22). The PAT score with IAD and non IAD patients were 10.13 ± 2.03 and 6.92 ± 6.92, respectively (P =.005).

Conclusion:
The conclusions of the study show that there has a high prevalence rate among the patient with IAD in ICU. The PAT score is an useful instrument to determine the risk for perineal skin integrity. The results may provide a reference for healthcare professionals to take care of the IAD patients and increase quality of care.