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Stomal and peristomal complications are very common in patients with intestinal ostomies. These complications make the self-care more difficult 1. Aim: to analyze the prevalence of stomal and peristomal complications and its association with the capacity for self-care. Methods: observational and cross-sectional study, approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Data were extracted from records of the patients attended in an Outpatient Ostomy Care Service attended from 2010 to 2014 (n=1564). Data collection was performed using an instrument composed of socio-demographic, clinical related to stomal and peristomal self-care activities. For the data analysis, patient was classified as able or unable to perform the self-care. Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test and Classification And Regression Tree (CART) were used for data analyses. Results: Patients with colostomies (70.5%), older than 60 years old (71.2%), and with colorectal cancer (56.6%) predominated. Prevalence of total complications was 66.4% (1039/1564), 27.7% and 38.7% respectively for the stomal and peristomal complications. Peristomal dermatitis (606/38.7%) and retraction (152/9.7%) predominated. 63.6% of self-care unable patients, more than 6.5 years with stoma and less than 6.7 years follow-up presented stomal complications. Able patients, under three years follow up presented peristomal complications (62.9%); unable patients and stomal duration equal and less than 2.8 years (67.8%) besides people with ileostomy and stomal duration more than 2.8 years (63.2%) also presented peristomal complications. Conclusion: Although stomal and peristomal skin self-care is an important associated factor to the prevalence of complications, other associated factors such as ileostomy, ostomy duration, and follow up time should also be considered for nursing care assistance.
Keywords: Ostomy. Self care. Activities of Daily Living. Nursing. Epidemiologic Studies.