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Rheological Characterization of Several Antifungal Barrier Formulations

David W. Brett, BS, Biology, BS, Chemistry, MS, Organic, Chemistry, Smith & Nephew, Wound Management Division, Science and Technology Manager, 11775 Starkey Rd., Largo, FL 33773

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the rheological properties of several antifungal cream formulations. Rheology is the science of the deformation and flow of materials in terms of stress‚ strain‚ and time. In this study‚ oscillation and flow experiments were conducted to determine the rheological profiles of several formulations. In use‚ these profiles give insight into the “spreadability” and stability of the various formulations. The “spreadability” gives an indication of how easily the formulation will spread on the skin and may have implications as to how well the formulation will stay on the skin‚ delivering its active agents. Stability gives insight into the shelf life and efficacy over time. Another experiment performed in the oscillatory mode is a frequency sweep. This experiment gives precise data on when an emulsion is likely to destabilize. Stability of an emulsion is key to the shelf life and performance of the product. As the emulsion destabilizes (over time) ‚ the viscous character of the emulsion exceeds the elastic character. As this occurs‚ the oil and water phases of the emulsion start to separate. When this occurs‚ the formulation is no longer homogeneous‚ and its efficacy and function can be altered. As the viscous character overtakes the elastic character of the emulsion (typically at lower frequencies) ‚ the value of tan delta increases. At the point where this value increase above 1‚ phase separation within the emulsion is starting to occur and it is destabilizing. As lower frequencies represent stress over a longer period of time‚ a frequency sweep can be used to gain insight into the potential shelf life of a given emulsion. By using a CarriMed-controlled stress rheometer, a cone and plate geometry (55 µm truncation) ‚ it was possible to get accurate, repeatable data for both oscillation and flow experiments.

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